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Authors: Stevan Savić, Mathias Kalfayan, Dragan Dolinaj

Abstract: A direct outcome of the global climate change is the modification of seasonal precipitation patterns, apparent on a monthly temporal scale. In Central Europe, it includes more frequent high-intensity rainfalls, occurring mostly during spring and summer. These heavy rainfalls induce pluvial floods in urban areas due to a high percentage of impervious surfaces and limited drainage systems. This hazard affects Central European cities and impacts many receptors, including lives, infrastructures, private properties or the functioning of cities. This study focuses on the monitoring of precipitation events with the aim of revealing precipitation patterns across two different types of land cover: urban and suburban/rural areas of Novi Sad (Serbia). Measurements from seven rain gauge stations were used as input data, covering the 2015–2018 period. The precipitation data were analysed using 12 precipitation indices, nine of which were defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI), while three additional were designed specifically for this study. Based on their locations, the stations were classified into the ‘urbanized’ and ‘non-urbanised’ group. The concept of the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) was used to classify urbanised areas LCZ1-8, non-urbanised areas LCZ9 and the land cover zones (LCZ A-G). A statistical analysis based on the ANOVA F-test was conducted, defining the significance threshold at 90% for α = 0.01 and at 95% for α = 0.05. The obtained results revealed one relation for the CDD index at 95% and two relations at 90% for CDD and Rp95 indices, showing a relation between heavy rainfall and the type of land cover. Statistical results underline the need for a denser station network and longer monitoring periods in order to proceed to stronger statistical tests and make it possible to establish other relations with the climate indices.

Keywords: urban climate; heavy rainfall; monitoring network; precipitation indices; pluvial flood; Novi Sad

DOI: 10.5937/gp24-25202

Article info:

Received: February 13, 2020 | Revised: May 04, 2020 | Accepted: May 09, 2020

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Authors: Zora Živanović, Branka Tošić, Dragica Gatarić

Abstract: The subject of this paper is an evaluation of defined urban regions in Serbia, with an aim towards identifying their basic features, with special emphasis on the measurement of their functional polycentricity. These features include methods with following indicators: share of settled inhabitants to overall population number in the centre of urban region and surrounding area, according to the outcome; concentration level of employees in centres and structure of activities of active population performing an occupation, functional dependence of settlements in the area of the region and determining the functional polycentricity index of the urban region. Therefore, the goal of the paper is to clarify the difference between the urban regions that have developed in the area of Serbia, which are significant factors for further planning of polycentric and balanced regional development. The results of the survey show differences between urban regions. Almost half of the urban regions in Serbia have characteristics of monocentricity, while few polycentric urban regions differ in number of secondary centers. Certain differences between urban regions refer to the results related to share of the employees in primary centres in connection with the secondary centre region, if refers to a polycentric region, or in comparison to the region as a whole, if it implys to monocentric urban regions. All in all, primary differences between urban regions pertain to the degree of functional polycentrism.

Keywords: Urban region; characteristics; functional polycentricity index; functional dependence of settlements

DOI: 10.5937/gp24-23817

Article info:

Received: October 30, 2019 | Revised: February 05, 2020 | Accepted: February 18, 2020

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Authors: Kalina Radeva and Nina Nikolova

Abstract:   In recent years, threats of natural origin, including those associated with the occurrence of drought is a topic that arouses interest in representatives of local government agencies, federal governmental authorities, scientific communities and residents of cities and villages. A significant part of the economy of Northern Bulgaria is agricultural, which increases the need for careful water management and planning. The aim of this study is to identify the drought hazard with regard to its spatial extends, frequency and severity and to assess the vulnerability to drought in Northern Bulgaria at the regional scale (NUTS-2). The standardized precipitation index (SPI), Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) at 12-month time step for the period 1961–2012 were used to obtain drought hazard index (DHI). In order to assess drought vulnerability, Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI) was calculated based on the following parameters: population density, municipal water use, industrial water use, agricultural water use, and public water services. The results of the study show low DHI values and homogeneous distribution of drought hazard in the north part of Bulgaria. However, the drought vulnerability in the investigated area is very high due to the higher consumption of water by industry, municipal water supply, and extensive agricultural lands. Our results provide an elaborated understanding of the drought hazard and drought vulnerability and will be helpful as an early step in the development of risk-based drought management plans.

Keywords:  Drought, SPI, SDI, hazard, vulnerability, Northern Bulgaria

DOI:  10.5937/gp24-25074

Article info:

Received:  February 03, 2020 | Revised: April 20, 2020 | Accepted: April 21, 2020

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Authors: Emrah Söylemez, Çiğdem Varol

Abstract: The article proposes a cross-border mobility model for borderlands by developing a multivariate socio-spatial index. Existing methods of evaluating cross-border mobility tend to focus simply on physical and security dimensions of the state borders. However, because of the complex dynamics of the relationships among the countries, a multidimensional approach including the economic, social, administrative and spatial relationships have to be considered holistically. The proposed cross-border mobility modeling and index methodology includes spatial and non-spatial multivariate data for assessing the permeability of state borders by using fuzzy logic methods. GIS techniques are used to combine economic, social, administrative and spatial dimensions of relationships for creating the multivariate sociospatial index and to visualize the results. The results of the proposed methodology applied to the borderlands of Turkey and the neighboring countries show that measuring the degree of cross-border mobility can improve the understanding of relationships among the states for developing more effective cross-border policies.

Keywords: cross-border mobility, multivariate index, socio-spatial data, fuzzy membership

DOI: 10.5937/gp24-23805

Article info:

Received: October 29, 2019 | Revised: December 29, 2019 | Accepted: December 30, 2019

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Authors: Boris Avdić, Nusret Drešković, Ranko Mirić

Abstract:   The use of geospatial technology at lower levels of education has become a global tendency. However, Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country that is virtually uncharted in this regard, and the present paper has the main purpose to change that fact. Results of a survey conducted among geography teachers place this country within the entry category. Different attitudes among various groups of teachers (based on gender, age and regional distribution) have also been tested. Although the general hypotheses could not be confirmed, certain specific differences have been found, such as in the use of virtual globes, theoretical knowledge of GIS and willingness to attend educational training courses.

Keywords: geospatial technology; GIS; geographical education; geography teachers.

DOI: 10.5937/gp24-24223

Article info:

Received: November 28, 2019 | Revised: February 02, 2020 | Accepted: February 26, 2020

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Authors: Olja Maricic, Anđelija Ivkov-Džigurski, Ivan Stojšić, Stanko CvjetićaninA, Ljubica
Ivanović Bibić

Abstract: The aim of this research is to examine the difference in the contribution of the created multimedia models and the traditional teaching to the quality and durability of the students’ knowledge of geographical content at all cognitive levels in the fourth grade of the primary school (10-11 years). This research included a sample of 142 students, divided into two groups: E (experimental) and C (control). The students in the C group were taught in the traditional way and the students of the E group taught using the created multimedia models. The quality of students’ knowledge was examined by a post-test, while the durability of knowledge was examined by re-test. Variations in knowledge on post-test and re-test in both groups were observed at cognitive levels. At a higher cognitive level (analysis), students were better at retesting than at a post-test. In the application of geographic contents in the fourth grade, multimedia teaching (MT) should be given priority over traditional teaching (TT).

Keywords: science teaching; modern technologies; quality of knowledge; student achievement.

DOI: 10.5937/gp24-23357

Article info:

Received: September 28, 2019 | Revised: December 28, 2019 | Accepted: December 30, 2019

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Authors: Milena Nedeljković Knežević, Vanja Pavluković

Abstract:  The main objective of the research is to examine, for the first time, the influence of dimensions of culture according to the GLOBE model on the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation. The research sample belongs to the service sector within the transitional society of Serbia, i.e. tourism and medical sector, which are linked through the ever-growing health tourism industry. Different influences of dimensions of culture (uncertainty avoidance, performance orientation, group collectivism, assertiveness and gender equality) on dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (work ethic. innovativeness, empathy, autonomy and risk readiness) are confirmed. The obtained results are important for defining the cultural framework which influences the development of entrepreneurial activities within tourism and health service sectors in Serbia.

Keywords:  GLOBE model; culture dimensions; entrepreneurial orientation; service sector;
transitional society

DOI:   10.5937/gp24-24303

Article info:

Received:  December 05, 2019 | Revised: March 30, 2020 | Accepted: April 04, 2020