Geographica Pannonica - Volume 21, Issue 2
Volume 21, Issue 2 content (click on a plus button for more):
ANALYSIS OF AIR TEMPERATURE TRENDS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Goran Trbić, Tatjana Popov, Slobodan Gnjato
Abstract: The paper analyzes the air temperature characteristics in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to identify recent trends in mean air temperature. Trends in annual, seasonal and monthly mean air temperatures during 1961–2015 periods were determined based on data from sixteen meteorological stations. MAKESENS procedure (Salmi, et al., 2002), which uses the nonparametric Mann-Kendall test and the nonparametric Sen’s method, was applied on time series of annual, seasonal and monthly mean air temperatures to assess the trend magnitude and its statistical significance. Given the results, the warming trend is present all over Bosnia and Herzegovina. Significant positive trends in annual and summer temperatures were detected over the entire territory (p <0.01). Positive winter and spring trends are largely significant (p <0.01 or p<0.05), whereas autumn trends are low and insignificant. The highest increase was registered in June–August and December–January periods. In some areas, a low negative trend was present in September and November. A significant positive correlation between East-Atlantic pattern index and temperature was determined over the entire territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina throughout the year. Winter and spring temperatures were also significantly related to the North Atlantic Oscillation index and Arctic Oscillation index, respectively.
Keywords: mean monthly, seasonal and annual temperatures, temperature trend, MAKESENS, climate change, Northern Hemisphere teleconnection patterns, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Article info: 68-84
Received: January 11, 2017 | Revised: March 23, 2017 | Accepted: April 5, 2017
DEFINING URBAN REGIONS IN SERBIA
Authors: Zora Živanović, Branka Tošić
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the coverage of Serbia’s national territory with urban regions. In order to acquire the status of an urban region, a city and its surrounding area have to meet certain criteria. There is a set of criteria that apply to cities as the centres of urban regions, and there is another set of criteria relating to the settlements in their surroundings. The analysis and evaluation of the characteristics of a selected set of urban regions are very important both for urban geographical research and the planning of spatial and functional relations and links, as well as the management of regional development in Serbia.
Keywords: urban geography, urban regions, city, surrounding area, spatial planning, criteria, Serbia
Article info: 85-95
Received: February 15, 2017 | Revised: April 9, 2017 | Accepted: April 11, 2017
THE INFLUENCE OF EDUCATION LEVEL ON CHOOSING COASTAL REGIONS AS TOURIST DESTINATIONS
Authors: Lukrecija Djeri, Sanja Božić, Predrag Stamenković, Imre Nagy
Abstract: The main aim of the paper is to investigate the influence of formal education level on decision-making process when choosing a tourist destination based on multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The survey was conducted on the sample of 252 respondents from Bačka region (Vojvodina/Serbia). Also, this study strives to examine the influence of education level on decision-making process including all five phases of decision-making process: need awareness, information search, alternatives estimation, purchase and purchase evaluation, applied to the process of choosing coastal regions as tourist destinations. The study shows that education level is related to four out of five phases of decision-making process (only in case of need awarness there is no statisticaly significant difference). This is especially important for creation of a marketing platform with promotional acitivities adjasted to different market segments diferentiated by education level. Moreover, the study discusses differences in behaviour of diffrent educational groups while choosing travel destinations.
Keywords: consumer behavior, decision making, education level, Serbia
Article info: 96-105
Received: October 20, 2016 | Revised: April 20, 2017 | Accepted: May 18, 2017
SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION ANALYSIS OF TOURIST ARRIVALS USING MUNICIPAL DATA: A SERBIAN EXAMPLE
Authors: Uglješa Stankov, Tanja Armenski, Michal Klauco, Vanja Pavluković,
Marija Cimbaljević, Nataša Drakulić-Kovačević
Abstract: Spatial autocorrelation methodologies can be used to reveal patterns and temporal changes of different spatial variables, including tourism arrivals. The research adopts a GIS-based approach to spatially analyse tourist arrivals in Serbia, using Global Moran’s I and Anselin’s Local Moran’s I statistics applied on the level of municipalities. To assess feasibility of this approach the article discusses spatial changes of tourist arrivals in order to identify potentially significant trends of interest for tourism development policy in Serbia. There is a significant spatial inequality in the distribution of tourism arrivals in Serbia that is not adequately addressed in tourism development plans. The results of global autocorrelation suggest the existence of low and decreasing spatial clustering for domestic tourist arrivals and high, relatively stable spatial clustering for international tourists. Local autocorrelation statistics revealed different of domestic and international tourism arrivals. In order to assess feasibility of this approach these results are discussed in their significance to tourism development policy in Serbia.
Keywords: Spatial autocorrelation, GIS, tourist arrivals, Serbia
Article info: 106-114
Received: February 17, 2016 | Revised: April 27, 2017 | Accepted: May 28, 2017
IS CRUISING ALONG EUROPEAN RIVERS PRIMARILY INTENDED FOR SENIORS AND WORKERS FROM EASTERN EUROPE?
Authors: Irma Erdeji, Aleksandra Dragin
Abstract: The subject of the paper is river cruising along the rivers of Europe in Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, France, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania and Italy. The research needed to determine the trends in terms of consumers and labour force, particularly considering great political and economic changes in Europe (and the world) in the last ten years. The aims of the research were set in relation to the following: to determine the profile of a tourist as well as the crew members. This paper is based on empirical and theoretical research. It combines quantitative primary and secondary as well as qualitative data collection (interview). Primary data was collected from the “Uniworld” company by analysing crew manifests in order to define the demographical profile of the employees. Secondary data collection was used to define the profile of the tourist, where latest relevant publications were consulted. Qualitative method was used to gain more insight in the latest trends of River Cruising by interweaving the managers of the “Uniworld” company. It was determined that “baby boomers” are no longer prevalent on the cruise ships, but the “millennials” cohort are on the rise. Such changes will require a new approach among the cruising companies – in terms of the concept of service delivery and marketing. However, among employees there is no significant change, suggesting that this type of job market is tightly regulated by EU regulations. This research offers valuable data in the field of tourism destination management, as well as the needs of some stakeholders, especially in terms of human resources management and management of strategic development issues. This is important both for the countries which already have positioned themselves on the cruising market as well as for emerging destinations.
Keywords: River cruising, labour force composition, economic impact, tourist profile, trends and challenges.
Article info: 115-123
Received: March 1, 2016 | Revised: April 12, 2017 | Accepted: May 27, 2017
REVIEW ARTICLE THE DANUBE STRATEGY IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN EASTERN CROATIA: THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Damir Demonja, Tihana Stepinac Fabijanić
Abstract: The analyses made on the Danube Strategy shows that it is highly applicable in the economic segment of development of rural areas in Eastern Croatia (Croatian Danube Region). Potentials of development of rural areas in Eastern Croatia, as part of the Danube Basin, can be applied with a higher quality through a common action of all interested stakeholders. Results achieved so far by the civil society associations/organizations in Eastern Croatia through projects/activities/experiences in development of rural areas acknowledge that local and regional initiatives are important facilitators of sustainable development in the Danube Region. This justifies the future role and activities of the Danube Civil Society Forum (DCSF) in promoting and extending the participation of civil society and its networking in the frame of the Danube Strategy and in development of rural areas in Eastern Croatia. The paper discusses the role and importance of the Danube Strategy and its implications in relation to Croatia. Then interpret the initiative of connecting the Danube Region at the level of civil society associations/organizations networks, with particular emphasis on the role of the Danube Civil Society Forum (DCSF) as a network of civil society associations/organizations of the Danube Basin. The paper, also, lists examples of successful European and Croatian civil society associations/organizations, and, finally, lists activities and experiences in the field of development of rural areas in Eastern Croatia (Croatian Danube Region).
Keywords: Eastern Croatia, Danube Strategy, civil society associations/organizations, Danube Civil Society Forum (DCSF), development of rural areas
Article info: 124-131
Received: March 1, 2016 | Revised: April 12, 2017 | Accepted: May 27, 2017