Geographica Pannonica Vol.22-4
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July 23, 2026Geographica Pannonica - Volume 22, Issue 3
Volume 22, Issue 3 content (click on a plus button for more):
MIGRANT REMITTANCES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE BALTIC STATES
Authors: Gordon Rausser, Wadim Strielkowski, Yuriy Bilan, Yuliia Tsevukh
Abstract: This paper studies the determinants of international migration and remittances in the Baltic States (represented hereinafter by Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia). The research reveals a critical view on migrant remittances in terms of macroeconomic development and social conditions in the society of each country involved into our research. In order to investigate and to demonstrate the impact of migrant remittances on GDP and consumption compared with current account balance, minimal wages, and foreign direct investment in the Baltic countries, econometric modeling based on the data of Eurostat, World Bank, and the National banks of the Baltic States has been employed. The results of this research clearly demonstrate that remittances sent by the migrants have high and positive impact on economic development in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Moreover, the findings stemming from this study confirm that minimum wages in the Latvia and Lithuania are far more important determinants of economic development than remittances.
Keywords: international migration; remittances; labor market; econometric modeling; Baltic States
Article info: 165-175
Received: March 28, 2018 | Revised: June 13, 2018 | Accepted: June 25, 2018
THE IMPACT OF SUBURBANIZATION ON SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION IN HUNGARY: A CASE STUDY OF THE MISKOLC AGGLOMERATION
Authors: Andrea Kristóf
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present how the socio-economic processes of the past few years have affected Miskolc (presently the fourth largest city in Hungary) and the nearby suburban settlements with special regard to changes in population, educational attainment, motivations for suburbanization and satisfaction with suburban living conditions. In addition to the analysis of related statistics, the paper reports the results of a residential questionnaire survey, conducted in the suburbs of the Miskolc agglomeration. The paper argues that the suburbanizing process has resulted in the social restructuring of the suburban settlements of the Miskolc agglomeration. Results prove that suburbanization has played an important role in improving educational attainment figures in suburbs, since two-fifths of people involved in suburbanization (according to the questionnaire survey) completed tertiary education, which is higher than the average of Miskolc and the agglomeration. It has been shown that better living conditions (less polluted, less crowded residential areas) have been one of the most important factors for suburbanization in the Miskolc agglomeration, since it has been revealed that the majority of people involved in suburbanization previously lived in one of the crowded housing estates in Miskolc, in the immediate neighborhood of heavily polluting industrial plants. Empirical results also show that suburban residents are least satisfied with job opportunities and their financial position, while they are most satisfied with healthcare services, natural environment and public transport. Finally, it has been found that suburban settlements only provide basic services (e.g. family doctor), thus local residents generally heavily rely on the higher-level services (e.g. banking) of Miskolc.
Keywords: agglomerating areas; suburbanization; Miskolc suburbia; settlement groups
Article info: 176-188
Received: Received: April 6, 2018 | Revised: June 18, 2018 | Accepted: June 19, 2018
DIFFERENCES IN MOTIVATION OF FOOD FESTIVALS VISITORS – A VIEW FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Aneta Krajíčková, Martin Šauer
Abstract: Gastronomy festivals are one of the fastest growing sectors of tourism and their importance for any destination is undeniable. The significance of the supply side attracts much more attention in research in contrast to the demand side in spite of the fact that knowing the customers and their motivation is the key for most aspects of realization and marketing of a festival. The main topics of this article are components of motivation to attend a festival that were obtained from self-administered questionnaires and categorized into dimensions of motivations. The dimensions are Taste, Experience, Social Status, Change, People, Family and Inspiration and they are studied in context of socio-demographic characteristics of the festivals attendees. This article compares two events held in the Czech Republic – Pivni Fest in Pilsen and Valtice Wine Markets. The results show primarily a distinct perception of festivals in terms of dimensions Family and Experience and the influence of education and marital status on the motivation.
Keywords: differences in motivation; food tourism; food festivals; gastronomy motivation; tourism
Article info: 189-200
Received: April 03, 2018 | Revised: July 16, 2018 | Accepted: July 23, 2018
NATURE PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM INTERACTION IN SELECTED RAMSAR SITES IN VOJVODINA (NORTHERN SERBIA)
Authors: Vladimir Stojanović, Lazar Lazić, Jelena Dunjić
Abstract: This paper explores wetland-based tourism in four Ramsar sites in northern Serbian province Vojvodina, as well as a connection between tourism and nature protection. These regions are of great importance for Vojvodina, especially from the point of view of ecosystem services, because 83.3% of its territory are agricultural areas. Explored Ramsar sites were designated in period from 2004 to 2008 and they have been included in many plans as important areas for tourism development. However, the level of tourism development in these sites is not uniform because it depends on variety of factors such as touristic attractions value, engagement of nature protection managers in tourism development, and level of nature degradation and protection. The main objective of this paper is to determine the interconnection between nature degradation, nature protection and tourism development in selected Ramsar areas of Vojvodina, based on the Internal data of protected area managers,Report on the state of the environment and the scope of tourism development (infrastructure, services, development plans).
Keywords: Ramsar Sites; Vojvodina; nature protection; sustainable development; ecotourism
Article info: 201-207
Received: January 16, 2018 | Revised: July 20, 2018 | Accepted: July 21, 2018
Authors: Tamara Jojić Glavonjić, Jovana Brankov, Dragana Miljanović
Abstract: The research was carried out in the villages of the buffer zone and the close environment of the Ramsar site “Stari Begej – Carska Bara” Special Nature Reserve, in the Serbian part of Banat. The survey method was used to establish the local population’s attitude towards the impact of area protection on their life quality and the degree of cooperation with the managing body. A total of 393 adults were surveyed, which accounted for 5.34% of the total adult population of the studied area (five villages). In order to provide opinions from all stakeholders, the managing body was also asked to respond to some of the questions. A comparison of the responses revealed a generally low level of dialogue and understanding between the two interested parties. The results indicate some differences in the degree of impact depending on the location of the villages, as well as the occupation of the respondents and their age.
Keywords: protected area; Ramsar; managing; attitude towards the impact; Serbia
Article info: 264-275
Received: September 24, 2018 | Revised: December 21, 2018 | Accepted: December 23, 2018
SOCIAL AND ETHNIC SEGREGATION AMONGST THE SMALLEST HUNGARIAN VILLAGES
Authors: András Balogh, Péter Bajmócy, Zsófia Ilcsikné Makra
Abstract: Social segregation is one of the most important social problems in Central-Eastern Europe not only in urban, but also rural areas. The social segregation usually coexists with ethnic segregation. In Western- Europe we can see segregation mainly in towns, but in Eastern-Europe also in villages, usually connecting with Roma people. In the last decades number of population of small villages dropped dramatically and in some regions the most disadvantaged social groups appeared in these villages. Nowadays some of these villages have geographical, social and ethnic disadvantages together. To stop marginalization of people living in poverty is one of the biggest challenges nowadays in Hungary. According to the definition of Hungarian Statistical Office the whole settlement is regarded segregated if it has less than 200 inhabitants, therefore we also determined this limit. These settlements with population below 200 were the subject of this study. A complex indicator system was established containing six indicators (educational level, unemployment, comfort level of homes, etc.) These indicators served as the base of cluster analysis using the K-means algorithm resulted in five clusters. The 58 segregated settlements can be found mainly in peripheral areas of Northeastern- and Southwestern-Hungary. The proportion of Roma population is high in most of the segregated settlements. The aim of the paper is to describe the most important social problems of the smallest Hungarian villages, to find the groups of villages with social segregation and marginalization and to find context between marginalization, social and ethnic segregation amongst the tiny Hungarian villages.
Keywords: social segregation; ethnic segregation; tiny villages; Hungary; Roma; peripheries; marginalization
Article info: 208-218
Received: February 20, 2018 | Revised: July 04, 2018 | Accepted: July 21, 2018
BELGRADE’S URBAN TRANSFORMATION DURING THE 19TH CENTURY: A SPACE SYNTAX APPROACH
Authors: Hadrien Fouillade Orsini
Abstract: This paper focuses on the change in terms of spatial structure of the city centre of Belgrade occurred during the 19th century with the urban renewal and sprawl. Space Syntax methodology was used in order to analyse and quantify the spatial configuration properties of the old town inherited from the Medieval and Ottoman period, but also to understand the changes produced by the remodelling of the borough during the Principality of Serbia according to the academic architectural style. A scan from the Radoje Dedinac plan of Belgrade from 1815-1830 conserved at the City Museum of Belgrade has been used in order to capture the old town morphology. Despite an abundant literature describing the incredible metamorphosis of the oriental part of the old town, the sources that have scientifically evaluated the urban transformation produced are very few. The Space Syntax methodology helps filling this gap. Axial maps of Belgrade between 1815-1830 and of nowadays have been generated and analysed in order to capture spatial intelligibility and synergy of the city before and after the urban transformation. Finally angular segment analysis has been used to understand the spatial morphology of both the organic urban form and the modern grid system.
Keywords: Space Syntax; spatial configuration; urban history; urban morphology cognitive space; Belgrade
Article info: 219-229
Received: June 22, 2018 | Revised: September 17, 2018 | Accepted: September 18, 2018